# INGRES

This driver implements read and write access for spatial data in INGRES database tables. This functionality was introduced in GDAL/OGR 1.6.0.

When opening a database, it's name should be specified in the form "@driver=ingres,[host=host, instance=instance],dbname=[vnode::]dbname [,options]". where the options can include comma separated items like "host=*ip_address*","instance=*instance*", "username=*userid*", "password=*password*", "effuser=*database_user*", "dbpwd=*database_passwd*", "timeout=*timeout*", "tables=table1/table2".

The driver and dbname values are required, while the rest are optional. If username and password are not provided an attempt is made to authenticate as the current OS user.

If the host and instance options are both specified, the username and password *must* be supplied as it creates a temporary dynamic vnode connection. The default protocol is TCP/IP. If any other protocol is expected to be used, a pre-built vnode is preferable. If vnode and these two options are passed at the same time, an error will occur.

The option effuser and dbpwd are mapped to the real user name and password needs to be authorized in dbms, compared to the username and password which are used for OS level authorization.

Examples:

      @driver=ingres,host=192.168.0.1, instance=II, dbname=test,userid=warmerda,password=test,effuser=frank, dbpwd=123, tables=usa/canada

      @driver=ingres,host=192.168.0.1, instance=II, dbname=test,userid=warmerda,password=test,tables=usa/canada

      @driver=ingres,dbname=test,userid=warmerda,password=test,tables=usa/canada

      @driver=ingres,dbname=test,userid=warmerda,password=test,tables=usa/canada

      @driver=ingres,dbname=test,userid=warmerda,password=test,tables=usa/canada

      @driver=ingres,dbname=server::mapping

      @driver=ingres,dbname=mapping

If the tables list is not provided, an attempt is made to enumerate all non-system tables as layers, otherwise only the listed tables are represented as layers. This option is primarily useful when a database has a lot of tables, and scanning all their schemas would take a significant amount of time.

If an integer field exists in a table that is named "ogr_fid" it will be used as the FID, otherwise FIDs will be assigned sequentially. This can result in different FIDs being assigned to a given record/feature depending on the spatial and attribute query filters in effect at a given time.

By default, SQL statements are passed directly to the INGRES database engine. It's also possible to request the driver to handle SQL commands with OGR SQL engine, by passing "OGRSQL" string to the ExecuteSQL() method, as name of the SQL dialect.

The INGRES driver supports OGC SFSQL 1.1 compliant spatial types and functions, including types: POINT, LINESTRING, POLYGON, MULTI* versions, and GEOMETRYCOLLECTION.

## Caveats

- No fast spatial index is used when reading, so spatial filters are implemented by reading and parsing all records, and then discarding those that do not satisfy the spatial filter.

## Creation Issues

The INGRES driver does not support creation of new datasets (a database within INGRES), but it does allow creation of new layers (tables) within an existing database instance.

- The INGRES driver makes no allowances for character encodings at this time.

- The INGRES driver is not transactional at this time.

### Layer Creation Options

- OVERWRITE: This may be "YES" to force an existing layer of the desired name to be destroyed before creating the requested layer.
- LAUNDER: This may be "YES" to force new fields created on this layer to have their field names "laundered" into a form more compatible with MySQL. This converts to lower case and converts some special characters like "-" and "#" to "_". If "NO" exact names are preserved. The default value is "YES".
- PRECISION: This may be "TRUE" to attempt to preserve field widths and precisions for the creation and reading of MySQL layers. The default value is "TRUE".
- GEOMETRY_NAME: This option specifies the name of the geometry column. The default value is "SHAPE".
- INGRES_FID: This option specifies the name of the FID column. The default value is "OGR_FID"
- GEOMETRY_TYPE: Specifies the object type for the geometry column. It may be one of POINT, LSEG, LINE, LONG LINE, POLYGON, or LONG POLYGON. By default POINT, LONG LINE or LONG POLYGON are used depending on the layer type.

## Older Versions

The INGRES GDAL driver also includes support for old INGRES spatial types, but these are not enabled by default. It enable these, the input configure script needs to include pointers to libraries used by the older version:

    INGRES_LIB="-L$II_SYSTEM/ingres/lib \
             $II_SYSTEM/ingres/lib/iiclsadt.o \
             $II_SYSTEM/ingres/lib/iiuseradt.o \
             -liiapi.1 -lcompat.1 -lq.1 -lframe.1"